Legal US Sports Betting – State by State
● Legal and live ● Bills passed but not live yet
*Updated on September 4th, 2019
In May 2018, the US Supreme Court overturned the Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act (PASPA). This opened the door for US states to pass their own legislation to authorize sports betting.
PASPA gave Nevada permission to continue the sports betting that it was already operating, so it has not required any new legislation.
17 other US states have jumped into the fray with their own sports betting legislation. More states are expected to pass new gaming laws at the end of 2019 and early on in 2020.
Current list of states with legal sports betting
The following states all have legalized sports betting in some form:
- Arkansas
- Delaware
Michigan(NO vote on 12/28/2018)- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Montana
- Mississippi
- New Jersey
- New York
- Nevada
- New Mexico
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- Tennessee
- West Virginia
- New Hampshire
- North Carolina
California and possibly another 20 states should follow in 2020 or later, according to predictions made by Kindred. Washington D.C. also legalized sports betting in December of 2018. The District should have its first legal sportsbooks operational sometime by the end of 2019.
What sports betting is allowed in each state?
Following the PASPA ban, we are going to see each state progress in a different way because local lawmakers decide on what type of betting will be available to their residents.
As Justice Alito puts it when delivering the courts opinion “Americans have never been of one mind about gambling” and this is as true today as it has ever been.
Nevada
Nevada law imposes one of the lowest sports betting tax rates in the world—just 6.75 percent.
Unsurprisingly the gaming laws are extremely permissive, but counter-balanced by strict and highly competent oversight by the Nevada Gaming Commission and Nevada Gaming Control Board.
The regulators have broad latitude as to what game types are allowed. Not only is sports betting allowed in the many casinos, but customers can also bet on virtual sports and esports.
Online sports betting, casino and poker are available, but sports bettors must register for an account at a casino.
Most casinos offer live sports betting, either at a teller window or an automated kiosk. The first online sports betting app launched in 2010.
Now there are 8 online sports betting options and between them they take between 50 percent and 70 percent of all sports betting action.
Delaware
Delaware has a population of less than a million, but it was the first state to introduce regulated sports betting outside of Nevada on June 5, 2018.
Three horsetrack/casinos, known as racinos are licensed to accept sports bets:
- Delaware Park
- Dover Downs
- Harrington Raceway
The introduction of sports betting has doubled gambling revenue in the state.
The Delaware Division of Gaming Enforcement has not yet authorized online sports betting. The state authorized online gambling in 2013, so there is no legal bar to launching online sports betting.
It appears that the regulator is watching to see how live sports betting works out before giving the racinos authorization to launch online sports betting.
Online poker is provided through a state mandated monopoly. Currently 888 has the contract. That puts 888 in great position to win any contract for online sports betting. 888 is already operating online sports betting in New Jersey.
New Jersey
New Jersey was second to launch state-regulated sports betting on June 14, 2018. There are currently 11 locations offering live sports betting.
The next to open will be the Hard Rock Atlantic City which is also one of the newest casinos in the state.
It launched its sports book early in 2019 and last year we noted a contract between GIG and Hard Rock City International:
Two of the most successful sports books in the state are at racetracks. Monmouth Park actually took the first legal sports bet in New Jersey.
Governor Phil Murphy wagered $20 on Germany to win the soccer World Cup and $20 on the New Jersey Devils to win the Stanley Cup in 2019.
The other racetrack sportsbook is at the Meadowlands little more than half an hour’s drive from central Manhattan.
There are 14 online sports betting apps in the state, and unlike Nevada, customers can sign up online.
Mississippi
The old riverboat gambling traditions of Mississippi are alive and well. Currently, 23 of 28 licensed casinos currently offer sports betting.
The Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians launched sports betting at the Pearl River Resort in September. The first tribal casino to get into the sports betting market.
Unfortunately the new gaming laws do not allow online gambling outside of casino premises.
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania was early to the starting gate with its new gaming laws. However, the Pennsylvania Gaming Control Board has taken a measured approach to regulating live sports betting and online gaming.
The first sportsbook opened in November at the Hollywood Casino on the Penn National Race Course. The Sugarhouse and Rivers casinos joined with their live sports betting offering on December 13.
A total of 11 casinos have agreed to pay the $10 million license fee which authorizes both live and online sports betting. Of that number, eight of them have launched some way to bet on sports in PA.
The remaining casinos will launch sports betting later in 2019. Those include the Mohegan Sun Pocono, Mount Airy Casino, and the sportsbook at Presque Isle Downs. Harrah’s forecasting a go-live date was sometime in January 2019 – in the end they went live just before the Super Bowl.
No online sports betting is yet available. The regulator and the casinos are taking a cautious approach to bed in their live sports betting first.
Online sports betting in Pennsylvania is now live and accessible throughout the state. The first online sportsbook to launch was PlaySugarHouse and they did so in June of 2019.
There are now four online sportsbooks in PA for residents to choose from. Those include PlaySugarHouse provided by SugarHouse Casino, BetRivers provided by Rivers Sportsbook Pittsburgh, Parx Sportsbook provided by Parx Casino, and FanDuel Sportsbook offered by Valley Forge Casino.
Online wagers now already accumulate for two-thirds of all sports bets made in the state. With that being the case, more retail sportsbooks in Pennsylvania will likely launch betting apps of their own in order to remain competitive.
West Virginia
Three casinos have sports betting up and running in West Virginia:
- Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races
- The Greenbrier
- Mountaineer Casino, Racetrack & Resort
Fanduel provides the Greenbriar operation. Fanduel is better known for its Daily Fantasy Sports business. William Hill powers the other two sports betting facilities. Hollywood Casino at Charles Town Races also has a deal with DraftKings as an online partner.
Two more casinos opened sports betting operations in December 2018:
- Mardi Gras Casino & Resort
- Wheeling Island Hotel Casino Racetrack
However, the sportsbook at both of those locations and their BetLucky sports betting app were indefinitely suspended in March of 2019. The suspension comes from a contract dispute between Deleware North, the parent company of both casinos, and a third-party sports wagering provider. A timeline for when they will re-launch is not yet clear.
West Virginia gambling is regulated by the state lottery. Online and mobile sports betting is legal, is also legal West Virginia.
There are two sports betting apps available in the state. Those are FanDuel Sportsbook and DraftKings Sportsbook. Residents may register to use these apps from wherever, so long as they are within state lines.
Rhode Island
Sports betting in Rhode Island can only be offered through two casinos. The Twin River Casino opened first, on November 26, shortly followed by its sister business, the Tiverton Casino Hotel.
All legal sports betting is operated by the state lottery.
In an unusual arrangement, the state takes 51 percent of sports betting revenue with the sole technology providers IGT and William Hill taking 32 percent. That leaves the casinos with just 17 percent of revenues.
The newest gaming laws allow online and mobile sports betting. The state-wide mobile sports betting app launched on September 4, 2019. Users of the app or online platform must first register in-person at one of the Twin River casino locations. Users must be able to show proof of ID when making an online account. The tax structure for online sports betting in Rhode Island is the same as retail sports wagering.
New Mexico
New Mexico has only four casino where sports betting is allowed. The Santa Ana Star Casino and Hotel opened its sportsbook for business on October 16, followed by the Hilton Buffalo Thunder Resort & Casino in Santa Fe just before the 2019 Super Bowl. The Inn of the Mountain Gods Resort and Casino was the next New Mexico sportsbook to open in July of 2019 and Isleta Resort & Casino is the latest tribal casino to offer sports betting, having done so in August of 2019.
Another unusual situation, as New Mexico has not passed new laws authorizing sports betting.
Every one of the casinos that are offering sports betting are doing so on tribal land. The state compact between New Mexico and the tribal groups permits the tribal members to offer sports betting even without a new state laws.
No online sports betting is available.
Oregon
Oregon was actually one of four states that were grandfathered into the federal ban on sports betting known as the Professional and Amatuer Sports Protection Act of 1992 (PASPA). It is because of this reason that once PASPA was repealed in May of 2018 the state was able to bring about sports betting without the need to pass new legislation. The Oregon Lottery is able to regulate and provide legal sports betting in Oregon under pre existing laws.
Because of the way the state’s tribal gaming compact works, tribal casinos are also able to offer sportsbooks in Oregon. Essentially, tribes can offer any gaming activities that the lottery offers. The first casino to take advantage of this freedom was the Chinook Winds Casino Resort.
A mobile sports betting app in Oregon is expected to launch at some point during the Fall of 2019. The app will be available statewide and those who are 18 years old or older will be able to use it.
At this time tribal casinos will not offer mobile apps but will offer collegiate sports betting. To counter that, the state lottery will offer mobile sports betting but will not offer collegiate betting odds.
Illinois
Sports betting in Illinois was voted on in June 2019. Following more than a year of back-and-forth battles between competing parties, sports betting advocates finally found a way through. Adding sports wagering to an old casino expansion bill, Rep. Robert Rita was able to win enough support for SB690.
A positive House vote on May 31 was matched by the Senate on June 2. The bill was subsequently submitted to Governor Jay Robert Pritzker. Having already signaled his support for legal sportsbooks in Illinois, the votes were considered wins for locals.
Although the industry is still finding its feet, SB690 contains provisions for offline and online betting. This means those within the state of Illinois will be able to access live and online sportsbooks in the future.
A timeline for when sports betting will launch in the state is still a bit unclear. Current provisions allow online sports wagering companies to do business in the state without tethering to a casino, however, they will have to wait 18 months in order to do that. In-person sports betting will be offered in the meantime. Wrigley Field has already begun to work on sports betting operations. Lookout for Illinois sportsbooks to open in early 2020.
Tennessee
Although the provisions set out in SB16 are less attractive for operators than they are in other states, Tennessee sports betting is now legal. Following a vote in May 2019, the Volunteer State gave online sportsbooks the green light to go live. In fact, what’s interesting about Tennessee’s sports betting bill is that it only has provisions for online operators. As it stands, there are no offline venues where locals can bet on sports.
However, as the law states, licensed operators will be able to offer single, multiway and in-play betting. The only notable clause customers may be interested in is that live betting data will be supplied by an official vendor. In practice, this means the stats and odds will be supplied to by a central source to all Tennessee sportsbooks.
This does raise issues with regards to value. However, the fact remains that you will have access to live bets as well as pre-event wagers within the state. The only other point to note is that operators will have to pay an upfront fee of $750,000 and a tax rate of 20%. They’re high barriers to entry. Even though these conditions won’t affect customers, it could limit the number of sports betting brands that set up camp in Tennessee.
Montana
Montana was something of a surprise package in 2019. Unexpectedly breaking the stalemate, the Treasure State struck gold with HB725. Over the course of a year, Montana’s lawmakers weighed up a number of bills. Eventually, HB725 and SB330 made it through the legislative process and onto Governor Steve Bullock’s desk.
For Montana sports betting fans, SB330 would have been the hot pick as it allowed private operators to go live within the state. However, after consideration, Bullock concluded that the state wasn’t quite ready for that yet. With that being the case, he signed HB725 into law. This bill made sports betting legal in Montana but only through sportsbooks owned and operated by the state lottery.
Although the Montana Lottery has a monopoly over sports wagering within the state, the industry is legal, nonetheless. What’s more, there is a chance SB330 could be revived, meaning private companies would be allowed to offer legal sports betting in the future.
HB725 allows restaurants, bars, and taverns in the state to offer sports wagering kiosks. The bill also allows these licensed establishments to offer mobile betting in Montana, so long as it is conducted on-premises. Sports betting in MT is expected to officially launch in late 2019 or early 2020.
Indiana
Home of the Pacers, Indiana sports betting has been legal since May 2019. Following Montana as one of the first states to pass a law in 2019, Indiana is also one of the first states in 2019 to open legal sportsbooks. The first sportsbooks in Indiana to open did so during the first days of September 2019. However, a timeline for when online sports betting in Indiana will be offered by these casinos is still unclear as none of them have applied to do so to the Indiana Gaming Commission yet.
In general, sports betting in the Hoosier State is fairly unrestricted. As with the likes of New Jersey et al, the legal age will be 21+. For those that are legally allowed to bet, both live and mobile sportsbooks will offer single and multiway wagers on a variety of sports. The main restrictions locals will have to note when they place bets at places such as Hoosier Park are certain in-play restrictions. Additionally, customers are not able to speculate on eSports and amateur competitions where the participants are under the age of 18.
New York
New York may have been a legal sports betting state before many of its peers but it only started accepting bets in July 2019. When local lawmakers passed the New York Gaming Economic Development Act in 2013, they couldn’t foresee the downfall of PASPA five years later. Under the terms of the Act, New York outlined provisions for four casinos to be built and for them to have the power to offer sports betting.
However, without any previous provisions in place, the state had to review bids from prospective casino operators. This, coupled with the subsequent building process, meant New York missed the PASPA revolution and fell behind the likes of New Jersey and Delaware with regards to sports betting.
However, by July 2019, new casinos were in place and things officially got underway. Rivers Casino Schenectady was the first New York sportsbook to accept bets, while Tioga Downs Casino and its partner FanDuel followed suit just a few days later. As well as four commercial casinos offering legal sports betting in New York, tribal entities are also entitled to join the party. As of September 2019, only one tribe has exercised its ability to open a sportsbook in New york. That tribe is the Oneida Nation and they have begun to offer sports betting at Turning Stone, Point Place, and the Yellow Brick Road casino.
New Hampshire
Although not yet live, New Hampshire sportsbooks have been legal since July 16, 2019. Following positive House and Senate votes on House Bill 480 (HB480), Governor Chris Sununu gave his blessing in mid-July. By signing HB480 into law, Sununu gave the New Hampshire Lottery control over the local betting industry.
While nothing has been confirmed at the time of writing, legal New Hampshire sports betting sites are due to go live in 2020. As per HB480, the New Hampshire Lottery will license five online/mobile operators. Additionally, 10 offline venues will be given the ability to offer pre-event and in-play wagers. Finally, perhaps the most unique aspect of New Hampshire’s bookmaking law is that patrons can be 18+ instead of 21+ which is common in most states.
Arkansas
Legal Arkansas sportsbooks became a reality in 2018 when voters gave a thumbs up to Issue 4. Part of a state referendum, the legal amendment made sports betting within the state legal and put the Arkansas Racing Commission in charge of the industry.
Under the terms of Issue 4, Oaklawn Jockey Club and the Southland Racing Corporation were granted sports betting licenses. These operators now have the ability to run legal sportsbooks inside their existing facilities or via adjacent properties. Oaklawn is the only one to open a sportsbook in Arkansas to date.
Alongside the two established operators, Arkansas’ sports betting law allows for two additional license holders. The new casinos must be built within Pope County and Jefferson County. The Quapaw Nation will build and operate the Jefferson county gaming facility. The Pope County license is still up for grabs. For successful applicants, there is a licensing fee of $250,00. For all legal Arkansas bookmakers, an annual levy of 13% on net revenue up to $150 million and 20% for amounts over that are applicable.
Major League Sports Betting
So, if you are interesting in placing a wager on sports, here are some of the more popular sports punters bet on in the U.S.
NFL
The National Football League, commonly referred to simply as the NFL, is the highest level of professional American football in the world. Nothing compares to the excitement of the NFL. The sights, the sounds, the extravagant half-time shows during the season-ended Super Bowl, NFL is most certainly one of the best spectators sports in the world.
Featuring 32 teams, a typical NFL season takes place over 17-weeks from early September to late December with each time playing 16 games and having one bye week. Once the regular season concludes, six teams from each conference advance to the playoffs that culminates in the Super Bowl, usually held on the first Sunday in February.
One of the great features of the NFL is the sheer number of betting opportunities that it creates. Popular bets include the moneyline bets where you predict the outcome of the game, NFL totals where you bet the final score will go over or under a predetermined amount.
Other popular NFL bets include prop bets, such as how many passing yards or touchdowns a quarterback will make; these are extremely popular during the Super Bowl where online bookmakers almost always have several special offers.
Parlay bets are also common in NFL betting, as are futures, the latter revolving around something that will happen in the future like winner of a particular conference, a team reaching the playoffs and the team who wins the Super Bowl.
NHL
The National Hockey League, abbreviated to NHL, is the best professional ice hockey league in North America. Thirty-one teams currently compete (24 from the United States and seven from Canada) from early October through early April, during which time they play 82-games.
Like NFL and NBA, the NHL consists of a regular season where 16 teams qualify for the Stanley Cup playoffs, an elimination tournament featuring three rounds of best-of-seven matches. The top team from each conference then advances to the final round, better-known as the Stanley Cup.
Betting on NHL gives you ample opportunities to place wagers thanks to the massive number of matches taking place during the season. You can make NHL prop bets based on teams, individual games, and season outcomes. Other NHL bets that are popular are the futures market, parlay betting and Live Betting where you can place bets while the action unfolds in front of you.
NHL betting on individual matches differs from other American sports in there are two types. There is the moneyline where you simply predict the outcome of the game and the Puck Line, also known as the Canadian line, where the favored team is normally given a spread of 1.5 goals.
NBA
Those of you who love basketball betting have to check out the National Basketball Association, otherwise known as the NBA, thanks to there being so many matches to bet on during a season. Thirty-teams battle it out on the court for 82 games during regular season before the top eight teams in each conference progress to the NBA Playoffs in late April.
Like the NHL, the NBA playoffs play out in a tournament format in a best-of-seven series with the tournament culminating in the NBA Finals, held annually in June.
NBA lends itself to betting and there are dozens of different bets to make during a typical game or season. The most popular NBA bets are the points spread bets where the favored team starts with a points deficit that they have to win by in order for your bet to pay out. These points spread bets even up the teams and generally sees both teams start at the same price.
Moneyline betting is a straight bet on the outcome of the game where the favored team will have a shorter price than the less fancied teams. Also look for NBA Total bets where you bet on the over/under of a predetermined overall points tally in the game, prop bets, parlay bets and futures bets such as who the NBA MVP will be, the winner of each conference and the overall NBA Finals champions.
MLB
One of the oldest American sports is Major League Baseball, or MLB. If you thought the NBA played a lot of games during a season, wait until you check out MLB betting because those guys manage to fit in 162 regular season games between the first Sunday in April and the first Sunday in October! Imagine how much MLB betting you can do!
Ten teams progress to the postseason playoffs once the regular season is completed and four rounds are played culminating in the World Series a best-of-seven series between the pennant winners in each league.
MLB Run Line betting is popular with sports bettors because it gives the favored team a run deficit it must make up in order for the bet to pay out, evening the game significantly. You can also bet on the MLB moneyline which is a straight bet on who will win the game, parlay betting where you choose several teams to win, prop betting and futures betting.